前：台大農藝系種子研究室網站
Former website (1997-2015) of the Seed Laboratory, National Taiwan University
   

世界農業生態區

(來自 http://www.fao.org/nr/gaez/en/)  

 

FAO 的全球農業生態區 尋找合適作物區 亞洲農業生態區 中國農業生態區 美國農業生態區 Hardiness Zones 各國基本資訊

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FAO 的全球農業生態區

Global Agro-Ecological Zones
http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/LUC/GAEZ/index.htm

FAO的Agroecological zones (AEZs) 

based on climatic conditions and land forms that determine relatively homogeneous crop growing
environments. 

The classification system distinguishes between tropical regions, subtropical regions with summer or winter rainfall, and
temperate regions. These major regions are further subdivided into rainfed moisture zones, lengths of growing period, and
thermal zones based on the temperature regime that prevails during the growing season. 

The definitions of terms used in AEZ classifications are: 

• tropics: regions with monthly mean temperature, corrected to sea level, of >18 ^oC for all months 
• subtropics: regions with monthly mean temperature, corrected to sea level, of <18 ^oC  for one or more months 
• temperate: regions with monthly mean temperature, corrected to sea level, of <5 ^oC  for one or more months 
• warm: daily mean temperature during the growing period of >20 ^oC 
• cool: daily mean temperature during the growing period in the range of 5 to 20 ^oC (including the moderately cool range of 15 to 20 ^oC
• warm/cool: daily mean temperature during part of the growing period <20 ^oC 
• arid LGPa <75 d   (length of the growth period)
• semiarid: LGP 75-180 d 
• subhumid: LGP 180-270 d 
• humid: LGP >270 d.

尋找合適作物區

由溫度雨量土壤肥力等自然因素結合作物特性所定的各國農業適合作物 (詳見該網站所提供的各種圖)

例

1. Temperature growing periods:

  365   364     330   270   240    210    180    150   120   90     60      30      1        0

　

2. Number of growing period days:

  366   342   317   293   268   244   220   195   171   146   122   98   73   49   20   0

　

3. Climate constraints:

　

4. Most suitable cereal (food energy) excluding land dominantly under forest ecosystems:

亞洲農業生態區

中國農業生態區

Undefined Grassland Woodland Forest Mosaics including crops Cropland Intensive cropland Wetlands Desert, bare land Water & coastal fringes Ice, cold desert, tundra Urban agglomerates

中國糧食缺乏的困境

1. 人口增加率高於糧食增加率
2. 科技發展提昇作物增產的效果有限
3. 森林減少，灌溉水不足
4. 耕地僅佔國有地的14%
   (美國51%，印度59%，台灣24%)
5. 工業化減少耕地
6. 三分之一的耕地受到水土流失的危害
7. 洪水氾濫的問題不斷
8. 38%的草原受到沙漠化的威脅
9. 總計自1978年以來，耕地平均每年減少10萬公頃

引自 林家如(2001) 中國糧食問題之環保因素 。台灣日報03/06

參考：萊斯特•布朗，「誰來養活中國」，未來與發展，1995年第2期

美國農業生態區

Undefined Grassland Woodland Forest Mosaics including crops Cropland Intensive cropland Wetlands Desert, bare land Water & coastal fringes Ice, cold desert, tundra Urban agglomerates

Hardiness Zones

WIKI  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardiness_zone

美國

USDA Plant Hardiness ZONE MAPS

http://www.usna.usda.gov/Hardzone/ushzmap.html

澳洲　

Plant Hardiness Zones for Australia

https://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/research/hort.research/zones.html

各國基本資訊

政經地理

• CIA World Factbook - contains information on a country's geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military, and transnational issues.  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/

• http://www.geographic.org/countries/countries.html